Imishini yokumboza iyingxenye ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile yezinhlelo zesimanje zokukhiqiza izimboni. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezinjengezezimoto, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, ihadiwe, ukwakha umkhumbi, imishini yobunjiniyela, ifenisha, kanye nezokuthutha ngololiwe. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukufaka ama-coatings ngokulinganayo ebusweni bezinto zokusebenza ukuze kwakheke okokuvikela, ubuhle, nokusebenza kahle. Ngenxa yezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi enqubweni yokumboza, okubandakanya ukugeleza komoya, uketshezi, izimpushana, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, ukomisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nezinto ezibolayo, izinto ezisetshenziswa lapho kukhiqizwa imishini yokumboza kufanele zithembeke ekusebenzeni futhi zivumelane nezimo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside, ukumbozwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, nokuphepha kokusebenza.
Ukukhetha okunengqondo kwempahla yezinto zokumboza kudinga ukuthi onjiniyela baqonde ngokugcwele izici zokusebenza zezinto ezihlukahlukene futhi benze izahlulelo ezibanzi ngokusekelwe endaweni yokusebenza yamathuluzi, izidingo zenqubo, nemigomo yezomnotho. Abakhiqizi bomugqa wokukhiqiza we-coating bazohlaziya umthwalo kanye nezidingo zempahla yezingxenye ezivamile ngokusekelwe esakhiweni esisebenzayo sezinto zokumboza, bahlole ukusebenziseka kwezinto ezihlukahlukene kumishini yokumboza, kanye nobuhle nobubi bazo, futhi baphakamise amasu aphelele kanye nezitayela zokuthuthukiswa zokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
I. Isakhiwo Esiyisisekelo Nezingxenye Eziyinhloko Zezinsiza Zokuhlanganisa
Izinto zokumboza ngokuvamile zihlanganisa isistimu yokwelapha kusengaphambili, isistimu yokuphakela izinto zokumboza, izisetshenziswa zokufafaza, isistimu yokuhambisa impahla, okokomisa okokusebenza, isistimu yokutakula, isistimu yokukhipha umoya kanye ne-exhaust, kanye nesistimu yokulawula. Isakhiwo siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi indawo yokusebenza iyahlukahluka. Isistimu ngayinye yenza imisebenzi ehlukene, idinga izinto ezihlukahlukene.
Uhlelo lokwelapha ngaphambi kwesikhathi lubandakanya izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, umswakama ophezulu, namakhemikhali anamandla alimazayo.
Uhlelo lokufafaza lubandakanya ukugeleza komoya okunesivinini esikhulu, i-high-voltage electrostatic, nobungozi bokuphuma kukagesi.
Isistimu yokuthutha kumele ithwale isisindo sezingxenye zokusebenza futhi isebenze isikhathi eside.
Imishini yokomisa ihilela ukushisisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezindaba zokwanda kwezinga lokushisa.
Uhlelo lokungenisa umoya ludinga amapayipi angagqwali futhi alwa nokuguga kanye nezakhiwo zabalandeli.
Ukwelashwa kwegesi engcolile kanye nesistimu yokubuyisela ukunamathela kufanele kuphathe amagesi avuthayo, aqhumayo, noma adle kakhulu kanye nothuli.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele kuhambisane nezimo ezithile zokusebenza zendawo ngayinye yokusebenza, ngaphandle kwendlela yokulinganisa yonke into.
II. Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Zokukhetha Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo Zokuhlanganisa
Lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha izingxenye ezahlukahlukene, izimiso eziyisisekelo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:
1.Beka Eqhulwini Ukumelana Nokugqwala
Njengoba inqubo yokumboza ngokuvamile ihilela imidiya egqwalayo efana nezixazululo ezine-asidi ne-alkaline, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo, okokugcotshwa, nama-ejenti okuhlanza, izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zibe nokumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu ukuvimbela ukugqwala, ukubhobozwa, nokuwohloka kwesakhiwo.
2.Ukumelana Nokushisa Okuphezulu noma Ukuzinza Kwe-Thermal
Izingxenye ezisebenza emakamelweni okomisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu noma ezithandweni zokushisa kufanele zibe namandla aphezulu okushisa, ukufanisa i-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo okuhle, nokumelana nokushisa ukuguga ukuze kubhekane nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nokushaqeka kokushisa.
3.Amandla Emishini Nokuqina
Izingxenye ezithwala izakhiwo, amasistimu okuphakamisa, amathrekhi, nama-conveyors kumele abe namandla anele nokumelana nokukhathala ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphandle kokuguquguquka.
4.Indawo Ebushelelezi Nokuhlanza Okulula
Imishini yokumboza ijwayele ukungcoliswa yizingubo zokugqoka, uthuli, nokunye ukungcola, ngakho-ke izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zibe nendawo ebushelelezi, ukumelana nokunamathela okuhle, kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza kalula ukuze kube lula ukulungiswa.
5.Ukuhleleka Okuhle Nokuhlangana
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele kube lula ukuzisika, ukushisela, ukugoba, isitembu, noma ukucutshungulwa ngomshini, ukujwayela ukwenziwa nokuhlanganiswa kwezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zemishini.
6.Gqoka Ukumelana Nokuphila Isikhathi Eside
Izingxenye ezivame ukusebenza noma ezithintana ngokungqubuzana kufanele zibe nokungagugi okuhle ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yesevisi futhi kuncishiswe imvamisa yokulungisa.
7.Izidingo zokufakwa kukagesi noma zokuqhuba
Emishini yokufafaza nge-electrostatic, izinto zokwakha kufanele zibe nezakhiwo ezinhle zokuvala ugesi; kuyilapho amadivaysi okuvikela umhlabathi adinga izinto ezine-conductivity kagesi enhle.
III. Ukuhlaziywa Kokukhethwa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile Ezinsizeni Zokuhlanganisa
1.Isistimu Yokwelapha Ngaphambili (Ukukhipha Igreasing, Ukususa Ukugqwala, I-Phosphating, njll.)
Uhlelo lokwelapha ngaphambi kwesikhathi luvamise ukudinga ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ezindaweni zokusebenza ezinoketshezi olune-asidi ephezulu noma olune-alkaline. Le ndawo igqwala kakhulu, okwenza ukukhetha izinto kube bucayi kakhulu.
Izincomo zezinto ezibonakalayo:
Insimbi Engagqwali 304/316: Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa amathangi namapayipi e-phosphating kanye nokwehlisa amafutha, ane-asidi enhle ne-alkaline ukumelana nokugqwala.
Plastic Lined Steel Plates (PP, PVC, PE, njll.): Ifanele indawo ene-acidic kakhulu, enezindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile. I-Titanium Alloy noma i-FRP: Isebenza kahle ezindaweni ezonakalisa kakhulu nezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kodwa ngezindleko eziphezulu.
2.Spraying System (Automatic Spray Guns, Spray Booths)
Isihluthulelo semishini yokufafaza ukwenza i-atomizing ukunamathela, ukulawula ukugeleza, nokuvimbela ukunqwabelana kopende kanye nezingozi zokukhishwa kwe-electrostatic.
Izincomo zezinto ezibonakalayo:
I-Aluminium Alloy noma Insimbi Engagqwali: Isetshenziselwa izindlu zokufutha izibhamu namashaneli angaphakathi, enikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kanye nezakhiwo ezingasindi.
I-Engineering Plastics (isb, i-POM, i-PTFE): Isetshenziselwa ukumboza izingxenye zokugeleza ukuvimbela ukugoqa nokuvalwa kopende. I-Anti-static Composite Materials: Isetshenziselwa izindonga ze-spray booth ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana okungase kuholele ezinhlansini nasekuqhumeni.
I-3.Conveyor System (Amathrekhi, Ama-Hanging Systems, Amaketanga) Izintambo zokumboza ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amaketanga ama-conveyor noma ama-ground roller conveyors, athwala imithwalo esindayo futhi asebenze isikhathi eside.
Izincomo zezinto ezibonakalayo:
Insimbi ye-alloy noma i-Heat-treated Steel: Isetshenziselwa ama-sprockets, amaketango, namathrekhi anamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kakhulu.
Insimbi Emelana ne-Wear-alloy ephansi: Ifanele izindawo ezigugile kakhulu, njengamathrekhi aguqukayo noma izigaba ezithambekile.
Amandla Aphakeme Obunjiniyela Bezilayidi Zepulasitiki: Asetshenziswa ekunciphiseni ukungqubuzana nezinhlelo zokubhafa ukunciphisa umsindo nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
4.Izisetshenziswa Zokomisa (Isithando Somoya Esishisayo, Amabhokisi Okomisa) Indawo yokomisa idinga ukusebenza okuqhubekayo emazingeni okushisa asukela ku-150°C–300°C noma ngisho nangaphezulu, anezidingo eziphezulu zokuzinza kokushisa kwensimbi.
Izincomo Ezibalulekile: Insimbi Engagqwali engashisi (isb, 310S):
Iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu ngaphandle kokubola noma i-oxidation.
I-Carbon Steel + I-High-temperature Coatings: Ifanele amathaneli okomisa amazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo ukuya kweliphansi, angabizi kakhulu kodwa aphila isikhathi esifushane kancane.
I-Refractory Fiber Insulation Layer: Isetshenziselwa ukwahlukanisa odongeni lwangaphakathi ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa ukushisa futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
5.I-Ventilation kanye ne-Exhaust System
Isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukugeleza komoya, ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwezinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi, nokuqinisekisa indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile nokuphepha kwezisebenzi.
Izincomo zezinto ezibonakalayo:
I-PVC noma i-PP Ducts: Imelana nokugqwala kwe-asidi negesi ye-alkali, evame ukusetshenziselwa inkungu ye-asidi nokukhipha inkungu ye-alkali.
Imibhobho Yensimbi Engagqwali: Isetshenziselwa ukuthutha amagesi aqukethe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ngopende.
I-Fiberglass Fan Impellers: Ingasindi, imelana nokugqwala, futhi ifanele izindawo zokumboza ngamakhemikhali.
6.Amadivayisi okubuyisela kanye nokulahlwa kwegesi
Ngesikhathi se-powder coating kanye nezinqubo zokumboza ezisekelwe ku-solvent, uthuli kanye nama-organic compounds (VOCs) akhiqizwa, adinga ukubuyiswa nokuhlanzwa.
Izincomo zezinto ezibonakalayo:
I-Carbon Steel ene-Spray Coating + I-Anti-corrosion Coating: Isetshenziselwa imigqomo yokutakula kanye namagumbi okususa uthuli, ayongayo. Amagobolondo Esihlungi Sensimbi Engagqwali: Afanele indawo enezincibilikisi eziphezulu kanye nokugqwala okukhulu kwemvelo.
Imigqomo Yekhabhoni Evuliwe Namadivayisi Avuthayo E-Catalytic: Ibandakanya ukusabela kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi idinga izinsimbi ezimelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma izitsha zobumba.
IV. Izinto Zemvelo Nokuphepha Ekukhetheni Okubalulekile
Ama-workshops okugcoba ngokuvamile abhekana nezingozi ezilandelayo:
Ukuvutha Nokuqhuma Kwezinto Ezincibilikayo Zezinto Eziphilayo: Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zibe nezindawo zokunqanda ukushuba kanye ne-anti-spark, ezinokuxhumana okuthembekile okusekelwe phansi.
Izingozi Zokuqhuma Kothuli: Gwema izinto ezijwayele ukunqwabelana uthuli noma ukuthungela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivalekile.
Ukulawulwa Okuqinile Kwe-VOC Emission: Ukukhetha impahla kufanele kucabangele ukusimama kwemvelo futhi kugweme ukungcoliswa kwesibili.
Umswakamo Ophakeme noma Amagesi Abolayo: Sebenzisa i-anti-oxidation, i-anti-corrosion, nezinto ezimelana nesimo sezulu ukuze unciphise imvamisa yokulungisa imishini.
Lapho uklama, abakhiqizi bezintambo zokukhiqiza ezinamathelayo kufanele bacabangele ukukhetha kwempahla, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, amazinga okuphepha, nezimo zokusebenza ndawonye ukuze kugwenywe ukushintshwa okuvamile kanye nezingozi zokuphepha.
V. Ukucatshangelwa Kwezomnotho Nokunakekela Ekukhetheni Izinto
Ekwenziweni kwemishini yokumboza, akuzona zonke izingxenye ezidinga izinto ezibizayo zokusebenza okuphezulu. Ukucushwa kwegradient yento ephusile kuyisihluthulelo sokulawula izindleko nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza:
Ezindaweni ezingabalulekile, i-carbon steel engabizi kakhulu noma amapulasitiki avamile angakhethwa.
Ezindaweni ezonakalisa kakhulu noma ezinokushisa okuphezulu, izinto ezinokwethenjelwa ezimelana nokugqwala kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kufanele zisetshenziswe.
Ezingxenyeni ezivame ukugqokwa, izinto ezingagugi ezishintshekayo zingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokulungisa.
Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha obungaphezulu (njengokufafaza, okokuvikela ukubola, i-electroplating, i-oxidation, njll.) kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezinto ezijwayelekile futhi kungangena esikhundleni sezinto ezingavuthiwe ezibizayo.
VI. Amathrendi Okuthuthukisa Ikusasa kanye Nezikhombisi-ndlela Zokusungula Izinto
Ngokuthuthuka kwe-automation yezimboni, imithethonqubo yezemvelo, kanye nokukhiqiza okusimeme, ukukhethwa kwempahla yemishini yokuhlanganisa kubhekene nezinselelo ezintsha:
Izinto Ezikuhlaza Futhi Ezinobungani Nemvelo
Ukukhishwa okusha kwe-low-VOC, okugaywa kabusha, nezinsimbi ezingenabo ubuthi nezingezona izinsimbi kuzoba okujwayelekile.
Izinto Ezihlanganisiwe Ezisebenza Kakhulu
Ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki aqiniswe nge-fiberglass, izinhlanganisela ze-carbon fibre, nokunye kuzozuza ukuthuthukiswa okuhambisanayo kokukhanya, ukumelana nokugqwala, namandla esakhiwo.
Izicelo Zezinto Ezihlakaniphile
“Izinto ezihlakaniphile”ngenzwa yokushisa, ukungeniswa kukagesi, nemisebenzi yokuzilungisa kancane kancane izosetshenziswa emishinini yokumboza ukuze kuthuthukiswe amazinga okuzenzakalela kanye nekhono lokubikezela iphutha.
I-Coating Technology kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezobunjiniyela Baphezulu
I-Laser cladding, isifutho se-plasma, nobunye ubuchwepheshe kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kwangaphandle kwezinto ezijwayelekile, kunciphise izindleko zempahla ngenkathi kunwetshwa impilo yesevisi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-15-2025
